{"id":13799,"date":"2021-11-20T12:04:21","date_gmt":"2021-11-20T17:04:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/autosector.com\/auto\/?p=13799"},"modified":"2021-11-20T12:04:21","modified_gmt":"2021-11-20T17:04:21","slug":"apple-autonomous-car-2025","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/autosector.com\/?p=13799","title":{"rendered":"Apple reportedly aims to debut a fully self-driving car in 2025"},"content":{"rendered":"

Apple Inc.\u00a0is pushing to accelerate development of its electric car<\/a> and is refocusing the project around full self-driving capabilities, according to people familiar with the matter, aiming to solve a technical challenge that has bedeviled the auto industry.\u00a0<\/p>\n

For the past several years, Apple\u2019s car team had explored two simultaneous paths: creating a model with limited self-driving capabilities focused on steering and acceleration \u2014 similar to most current cars from Tesla<\/a> Inc. \u2014or a version with full self-driving ability that doesn\u2019t require human intervention.<\/p>\n

Under the effort\u2019s new leader \u2014 Apple Watch software executive Kevin Lynch \u2014 engineers are now concentrating on the second option. Lynch is pushing for a car with a full self-driving system in the first version, said the people, who asked not to be identified because the deliberations are private.<\/p>\n

It\u2019s just the latest shift for the car effort, known as the Special Projects Group or \u201cProject Titan<\/a>,\u201d which has endured strategy changes and\u00a0executive turnover<\/a>\u00a0since starting around 2014. In September, the former head of the team, Doug Field,\u00a0left<\/a>\u00a0for a job at\u00a0Ford<\/a> Motor Co.\u00a0after three years in charge. In picking Lynch as his replacement, Apple went with an internal executive who isn\u2019t a car veteran.\u00a0<\/p>\n

In trying to master self-driving cars, Apple is chasing a holy grail within the industry. Tech and auto giants have spent years on autonomous vehicles<\/a>, but the capabilities have remained elusive.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Tesla, the market leader in electric vehicles<\/a>, is still probably years away from offering fully autonomous cars<\/a>.\u00a0Alphabet Inc.\u2019s Waymo<\/a> has suffered a rash of departures in its efforts to develop the technology. And\u00a0Uber<\/a> Technologies Inc.\u00a0agreed to sell off its autonomous-driving division last year.<\/p>\n

Apple is internally targeting a launch of its self-driving car<\/a> in four years, faster than the\u00a0five- to seven-year timeline<\/a> that some engineers had been planning for earlier this year. But the timing is fluid, and hitting that 2025 target is dependent on the company\u2019s ability to complete the self-driving system \u2014 an ambitious task on that schedule. If Apple is unable to reach its goal, it could either delay a release or initially sell a car with lesser technology.<\/p>\n

A spokesman for Cupertino, California-based Apple declined to comment.<\/p>\n

Apple\u2019s ideal car would have no steering wheel and pedals, and its interior would be designed around hands-off driving. One option discussed inside the company features an interior similar to the one in the Lifestyle Vehicle from\u00a0Canoo Inc., an upstart in the EV industry. In that car, passengers sit along the sides of the vehicle and face each other like they would in a limousine.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Apple has also explored designs where the car\u2019s infotainment system \u2014 likely a large iPad-like touch screen \u2014 would be in the middle of the vehicle, letting users interact with it throughout a ride. The car would also be heavily integrated with Apple\u2019s existing services and devices. Though the company is pushing to not have a standard steering wheel, Apple has discussed equipping the car with an emergency takeover mode.<\/p>\n

Recently, the company reached a key milestone in developing the car\u2019s underlying self-driving system, people familiar with the situation said. Apple believes it has completed much of the core work on the processor it intends to eventually ship in the first generation of the car.<\/p>\n

The chip was designed by Apple\u2019s silicon engineering group \u2014 which devised the processors for the iPhone, iPad and Mac \u2014 rather than within the car team itself. The work has included honing the underlying software that runs on the chip to power the self-driving capabilities.<\/p>\n

The advancements could soon make their way into road tests. Apple plans to start using the new processor design and updated self-driving sensors in retrofitted cars that it\u2019s spent years testing in California. The company currently has a fleet of 69 Lexus SUVs<\/a> experimenting with its technology, according to the state\u2019s Department of Motor Vehicles.\u00a0<\/p>\n

The Apple car chip is the most advanced component that Apple has developed internally and is made up primarily of neural processors that can handle the artificial intelligence needed for autonomous driving. The chip\u2019s capabilities mean it will run hot and likely require the development of a sophisticated cooling system.\u00a0<\/p>\n

The hope is to develop a vehicle that can spare customers from driving fatigue when they\u2019re on long trips. But building an actual car \u2014 for an auto industry outsider like Apple \u2014 will require partnerships. The company has discussed deals with multiple manufacturers and has considered potentially building the vehicle in the U.S.<\/p>\n

Even with recent progress, creating a fully self-driving car by 2025 is seen as very aggressive within Apple. Some people within Project Titan are skeptical about the timeline.<\/p>\n

Safety is a major piece of the puzzle. Apple is looking to build stronger safeguards than what\u2019s available from Tesla and Waymo, engineers involved with the effort say. That includes creating plenty of redundancy \u2014 the ability for layers of backup systems to kick in to avoid safety and driving system failures.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Apple is actively looking to hire engineers to test and develop safety functions. \u201cThe Special Projects Group is seeking an accomplished mechanical engineer to lead the development of mechanical systems with safety critical functions,\u201d one recent Apple job listing reads. \u201cYou will use your passion for figuring things out to help design safety systems and to lead the testing and countermeasure of those systems.\u201d<\/p>\n

As part of efforts to accelerate the project, Apple is hiring more self-driving and car hardware engineers. That\u2019s included enlisting CJ Moore, Tesla\u2019s former self-driving software director.\u00a0<\/p>\n

In recent weeks, Apple has also tapped a climate system expert from Volvo<\/a> Car AB, a manager from Daimler<\/a> Trucks, battery<\/a> systems engineers from Karma<\/a> Automotive LLC and other carmakers, a sensor engineer from General Motors Co<\/a>.\u2019s Cruise LLC, automotive safety<\/a> engineers from companies like Joyson Safety Systems, and multiple other engineers from Tesla, according to information from LinkedIn and people with knowledge of the matter.\u00a0<\/p>\n

The company is also hiring software engineers to work on \u201cexperiences for human interaction with autonomous technology,\u201d according to an Apple job listing, suggesting it is deep into development of the car\u2019s user interface. The listing implies the software being developed will be based on similar technology to the iPhone operating system.<\/p>\n

To power up the vehicle, Apple has discussed being compatible with the combined charging system, or CCS. That would let Apple tap into an expansive global network of chargers. But the approach would differ from the more proprietary charging systems it has developed for the iPhone and Apple Watch.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Apple has internally debated several different business models for its car, including creating a self-driving fleet that would compete with the likes of Uber, Lyft<\/a> Inc. and Waymo. The company has discussed an external design similar to the Canoo if it were to take the fleet approach. A more likely scenario, however, is Apple offering the cars for individual ownership.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Getting to that point won\u2019t be easy. Apple\u2019s car project has suffered from development challenges, leadership struggles, layoffs and delays over its seven-year history. Field\u2019s arrival from Tesla in 2018 brought a surge of excitement that ultimately fizzled. At least\u00a0four top managers\u00a0<\/a>from the project departed in 2021, in addition to Field himself.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Some members of the group believe Field was irked about reporting to\u00a0artificial intelligence chief<\/a> John Giannandrea after the retirement of his previous boss, Bob Mansfield. Mansfield had reported directly to Chief Executive Officer Tim Cook in a part-time job overseeing the car work.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Lynch is now the fifth executive to take charge of the project in roughly seven years. That rate of turnover is rare at Apple. For instance, its\u00a0virtual and augmented reality team<\/a>\u00a0has had one leader since that project kicked off around the same time as the car.<\/p>\n

Still, given Lynch\u2019s ability to help turn the Apple Watch into a core product, some engineers on the car team see his appointment as a bullish sign. Lynch reports to Jeff Williams, Apple\u2019s chief operating officer.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Lynch is a software manager without car hardware or autonomous experience, but former Tesla executives on the project \u2014 including Michael Schwekutsch and Stuart Bowers \u2014 have key roles. Apple also hired Ulrich Kranz<\/a>\u00a0earlier this year. He previously led Canoo and helped oversee development of BMW\u2019s electric cars.\u00a0<\/p>\n

When Lynch was chosen to take over the car project, he remained in charge of the Apple Watch operating system and some health software teams. He has stayed involved in high-level decision making while focusing much of his time on the car project.<\/p>\n

The question now is whether an executive who oversaw one of Apple\u2019s last big things \u2014 its smartwatch \u2014 can turn a car into its next one.<\/p>\n

Related Video:<\/strong><\/p>\n